Moody's catastrophe risk modeling unit, Moody's RMS, announced its estimate for private market insured losses from Hurricane Melissa, projecting a range of $3 billion to $5 billion. The losses are primarily concentrated in Jamaica, which was struck by the Category 5 storm, the first of that intensity to make landfall on the island since record-keeping began. The firm's estimate includes property damage and business interruption for residential, commercial, industrial, and automobile lines of business. It also accounts for post-event loss amplification, which considers the challenges and increased costs of recovery and repairs due to widespread infrastructure damage on the island. Moody's noted that the total economic losses for Jamaica could potentially be much higher than the insured portion.