Affirm Holdings Inc. shares gained nearly 80% during the current quarter. This rally marks the company's strongest quarterly performance in more than two years.

Strategic integrations with Google, Fiserv, and Stripe supported the stock's growth. The Affirm Card expanded its reach to more than 4.4 million active users.

Piper Sandler initiated coverage on Affirm with an Overweight rating and a $103 price target. Susquehanna also increased its price target for the company to $105.

Deutsche Bank analysts described the company's financial guidance as conservative. The firm sees a clear path for Affirm to outperform its current projections.